POLITICS & HISTORY
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Including Political, Historical & Religious Figures

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ABD-EL-KADER (1808-83). Emir of Oran tribal area and Algerian military leader.

Rare Autograph Letter Signed, in Arabic, 8vo, n.p., n.d.

This rare, attractive letter, with personal seal, comes from the Enys Collection and has not been translated. Abd-el-kader is recognized a hero who defeated the French and is recognized as the first hero of Algerian independence. He received the French Legion of Honor due to his rescue of Christians under attack by local Muslims in Syria in 1860.

$1800.00

AGNEW, SPIRO T. (b. 1918). 39th vice-president of the United States (1969-73).

Holograph manuscript unsigned, 4to, on verso of a typed letter from the business manager of the National Cathedral School in Washington DC, August 15, 1969.
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Agnew writes 23 lines of verse about his recent tour of Asia referring to chief-of-staff Arthur Sohmer. "Arthur Sohmer's Asian trip/ made the Orientals flip/ Arthur Sohmer, Chief of Staff/ man of talent. How they laughed ... Tasted Kimchee, strong and hearty/went to bed with mouth like cotton/ woke up later, pillow rotten ... Dined in style with Chiang Kai Shek/ survived that culinary wreck/ Went to see the friendly Thai/wore their shirts, got quite high/Joked with General Praphat/ a liquidator, like or not ....” Referring again to his chief of staff, he continues. "Now and then he drew some flack for resting too much on his back/ But Dunn and [?] made it pleasant/ Abetted by a soft Greek peasant.”
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In 1968 and again in 1972 Agnew was elected vice-president on a ticket with Richard M. Nixon. As vice-president he became known for his flamboyant and mean spirited speeches denouncing the critics of the Nixon administration. The last line of this verse refers to his Greek background. This unique manuscript captures his wit and sarcasm.
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$475.00

BEN GURION, David (1886-1973).  Polish-born Israeli politician.  Proclaimed independence of Israel in 1948 and became head of the provisional government 1948-49.

Autograph Letter Signed, in Hebrew, 2 separate pages 8vo (one page shortened), Tel Aviv, Feb 15, 1966.

An angry letter to L. Hefetz, challenging an article by Joseph Frankl.  "When the war [WWI] broke out, I, together with Y. Ben-Zvi (we were both students at the University in Constantinople) went to the military commander of Jerusalem, Zecai [?] Bey, with a request to organize a militia  to defend the country.  The commander agreed, and several tens of young people, among them the author Y. H. Brenner, enlisted and already began military training.  But when the matter became known to Jemal pasha, who was then in Damascus, he gave an order to dissolve this unit.  I do not know from where he [Frankl] took some document dated April 6.  The story took place in the month of September 1914.  As for the 'Zion Mule Corps,' we both opposed it (Jabotinsky also opposed it, and did not join Trumpeldor) but there is no truth to his [Frankl's] claim that we opposed the Legion; Ben-Zvi and I founded the American branch of the Legion, as part which we returned to Aretz [Eretz Israel].  I have no knowledge of any German Foreign Ministry documents about Ben-Zvi or me.  I have never heard of any and doubt that Frankl has seen them.  There is not one bit of truth in the story that through Brandeis we approached … (?) to allow us to return.  This is a foolish made-up story.  In Constantinople there was no American Ambassador named Elkins.  No copy was ever sent to the German Foreign Ministry.  And from where Frankl pulled these made-up fairy tales — I do not know.  When did this article appear in The Jewish Chronicle?  I will send a denial of this made-up nonsense to the newspaper." Signed, "With thanks, D. Ben Gurion."(#5506-0122)

Ben Gurion is angry with a journalist who had obviously questioned his military prowess of fifty years earlier.  During the First World War, Vladimir Jabotinsky and Joseph Trumpeldor fought to establish a Jewish army to fight for England.  When the British agreed to form a Zion Mule Corps Trumpeldor enlisted and fought in Gallipoli.  Jabotinsky supported his friend but held out for an army to fight in Palestine and finally convinced the British to form the Jewish Legion, in which he himself enlisted and fought on the Palestine front.  Ben Gurion and his friend, future Israeli President Yitzhak Ben Zvi, were in America on a speaking tour; Ben Gurion asked Louis Brandeis to convince President Wilson to form an American Jewish unit to fight the Turks, but Wilson refused, noting America was at war with Germany, not Turkey.  Ultimately Ben Gurion and Ben Zvi set up enlistment centers for Americans to join the Legion, and enlisted themselves.  To make his points Ben Gurion puts his own slant on history, and credits himself with trying to found a militia in Palestine.  He forgets to mention that this militia would have fought against the British had not Jemal pasha turned down Ben Gurion's approach!  As for his opposition to the Zion Mule Corps, Ben Gurion co-opts Jabotinsky into sharing his opposition, and takes credit for founding the American branch of the Legion.  According to Ben Gurion's biographer Kurtzman, Jabotinsky had been fighting for a Legion since the war began "and Ben-Gurion had called him a fool.  How could he now say Jabotinsky had been right all along?"  In this letter, Ben Gurion makes himself seem the army man, and stretches the truth to show that when he wasn't neither was his political opponent Jabotinsky. 

$2,450.00

BEN-GURION, DAVID (1886-1973). Israeli founding leader, first Prime Minister and later third Prime Minister of Israel.

Autograph Letter Signed, in Hebrew, 3 pp on one folded air mail letter sheet, London, May 28, 1945.

He writes regarding incorrect documents sent by his correspondent. “I received the two documents…my thanks to you, but you erred in writing that you were sending them ‘at my request.’ I did not ask for these – but rather the identity card, which you looked for and did not find. What you sent me is not the identity card and I do not need it. But aside from the waste of stamps there is no harm done…I will go to the United States….” He discusses books which have been forwarded and continues. “I will tell you what I want to know, and you meet the relevant people on a weekly basis and get from them the necessary news and write me. I am sure this is the best way to know what is happening. And these are the matters (and people): 1. Has anything been done to set up the national organizations…2. Is the overseeing institution going to be set up – if not, why not? (Kosoy, Golda, Nemirovsky). 3. [what] is happening with the professional labor unions…4. Same concerning Haifa…5. Are matters being brought to the party for discussion in the local branches and…is there contact with the public…6. the situation of the [Labor Youth]…7. are seminars being prepared for the adult workers and counselors and in general cultural activity for the public…8. Has any activity been directed to the politically unaffiliated…9. Is there any justification for the demands of the Ichud…You can add things about matters I have not asked….” He ends noting he is getting ready to send his books to Aretz and signs, “David Ben Gurion.” He has also signed his name in English on the return address of this significant letter.

Written in the tumultuous period where the post World War II world was being shaped, Ben-Gurion reveals the detailed involvement of his work to create the state of Israel. A good letter from a critical time in Israel’s history.

$1850.00

BERKMAN, ALEXANDER  (1870-1936).  Russian-born, United States anarchist and writer.  Joined the “Pioneers of Freedom,” one of the first Jewish anarchist groups founded by Russian immigrants.  Worked closely with Emma Goldman.

Autograph Letter Signed on “Mother Earth” Stationery, 4to, New York, July 15, 1907.

To Victor Robinson.  "Contribution received.  I like it very much.  I shall, however, not take advantage of your kind permission to 'scissor' the allusion to Horace Traubel ... No doubt you had the B. Hall fable-episode in mind.  But I should not feel justified in cutting anything out that had sense, no matter if it were at variance with my own views.  The style of H.T.  is the initiative to suit me, but I do not set up judgments as final - I hope not.  Your reference to him is perfectly legitimate ...."  Signed, "Best Wishes, A. Berkman."

A nice letter mentioning Horace Traubel, a socialist who was a close associate and literary executer of Walt Whitman and Bolton Hall, the progressive economist.  Penned soon after returning from prison after serving a 14-year prison term for stabbing the director of a steelworks in Homestead, PA  as a protest against the treatment of the workers. 

$475.00

BRANDEIS, LOUIS D. (1856-1941).  American jurist and associate justice of the United States Supreme Court..

Typed Letter Signed on personalized stationery, 4to, Boston, February 5, 1907.
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He writes to E.E. Gaylord regarding an invitation to speak "to your Men's Club  …  It is barely possible that a professional engagement may prevent my doing so in which event Honorable Norman H. White, Representative from Brookline and Secretary of the Massachusetts Savings Insurance League will speak in my stead  …."   Signed, Louis D. Brandeis."
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From 1879 to 1916, Brandeis practiced law in Boston, achieving national prominence because he frequently worked for causes in the public interest. He secured lowcost life insurance for workers in Massachusetts.  President Woodrow Wilson appointed him an associate justice of the Supreme Court in 1916.  This letter is written before he achieved national fame on the U.S. Supreme Court.
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$475.00

BRANDEIS, LOUIS D. (1856-1941). American jurist, associate justice of the United States Supreme Court.

Autograph Letter Signed on "Warren & Brandeis" stationery, 4to, Boston, September 8, 1884.
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To W. L. Putnam, he writes a business letter. "We supposed the close business relations ... would enable you to verify the figures in Poors Manual without trouble. The Manual is generally so accurate that we do not feel justified in putting you to the expense ... of taking a deposition for that alone ... if we should learn of any serious error in the figures there would be time enough to correct it ... Mr. Wood's refusal at this time is inexplicable & we regret it ....” Signed by Brandeis, "Warren & Brandeis.”
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Brandeis entered Harvard Law School at the age of 18 and graduated in 1877. From 1879 to 1916 he practiced law in Boston and became known as the “people's attorney.” He secured low-cost life insurance for workers in Massachusetts, blocked a railroad monopoly in New England, and fought for a shorter workday and a minimum wage for working women in Oregon and other states. President Wilson appointed him to the Supreme Court in 1916. He wrote this letter during this early period.
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$950.00

BRANDEIS, LOUIS D. (1856-1941).  American jurist and associate justice of the United States Supreme Court.

Early Autograph Letter Signed. on "Warren & Brandeis" stationery, 8vo, Boston, May 14, 1884.
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He writes to W. L. Putnam about legal matters.  "The documents to which Mr. Stetson refers are N.B. Statutes  …  The records of the Suit in N.B. for foreclosure of the West Ext.  Mortgage  …   The documents were filed with Mr. Davis as evidence last Friday  …  Have the x docts.  For Kay's deposition been filed  …."  He signs for his company as, "Warren & Brandeis."  Slight sunning and a very small tear at the fold at the top.
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Brandeis practiced law in Boston from 1879 to 1916, achieving national prominence in many important cases in the public interest. He had been in practice for five years when he wrote this letter.  President Woodrow Wilson, appointed him an associate justice of the Supreme Court in 1916, becoming the first Jewish jurist on the Court.  In 1939 he retired from the Court and devoted the remainder of his life to working for the Zionist movement.  His major concern as a jurist on the Court as in private practice was in protecting human rights.
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$950.00

[BROOKLYN]

Autograph Letter Signed, 8vo, Flatt-Bush, April 10, 1780
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Col. Axtell, of the King's Militia, writes to Capt. Schank: "You are hereby expressly commanded to see that the proclamation and the order of Major General Robertson herewith enclosed be strictly carried into execution."  He formerly conveys the order that, "Any person presuming to cut wood from off the lands of any inhabitant in your District you are immediately to take him into custody."  The disobedient would be then declared prisoner of New York, and punished according to the will of Robertson.  Signed, "William Axtell Col., King's Militia."
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In 1776, the Battle of Long Island, the first major battle of the American Revolution, sealed the fate of 1,200 American soldiers.  From this point until the end of the War, British forces occupied Brooklyn.  The Regiment titled the "Loyal Volunteers of the City of New York" was led by Major General Robertson from 1777-1783.  In 1779, under direct order from General Clinton, William Axtell was elevated to the status of Colonel and commanded to raise his own militia.  A beautifully penned letter of command during the few years Britain ruled Brooklyn.
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Soiling and small tearing around the weathered creases.
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$550.00

BUBER, MARTIN (1878-1965).  German Jewish scholar, philosopher and writer. Founded and edited the monthly Der Jude. Evolved philosophy inspired by study of Hasidism.

Autograph Letter Signed, in German, folio, on an Israeli aerogramme, Talbiyeh, Jerusalem 12.03.52.

To Bernhard Rang. "I was especially pleased to hear that you have begun to document the life of your father; that is a great task. Unfortunately, I am unable to fulfill Mr. Kriegar's wish. I had already been approached about such a discourse by those periodicals that published several of my pieces this year ("Merkur,"  Munich and "Neue Schweizer Rundschaur"), but at this time I can only write what is in the context of my larger projects. The discourse on Jung that has been published in the magazines mentioned is an excerpt from a part of a book that has in the meantime been published in English (Eclipse of God, Harper, New York), and which is presently being printed in German (Manesse-Verlag, Zurich). Should I be able to produce comments on the book or job in the future, I would be obliged to let the aforementioned magazines publish them first."  Nicely and boldly signed, "Wishing you all the best, your, Martin Buber." (#5601-0126)

Mr. Rang is the son of Christian Rang, the writer and good friend of Martin Buber. It is especially interesting because of his mention of Jung and the English translation of his Ellipse of God.

$550.00

BURNSIDE, AMBROSE E. (1824-81). American army officer. Resigned army in 1865, after a trial by the court of inquiry. Lent his name to type of side whiskers such as he wore, “burnsides”.

Autograph Letter Signed, on black bordered stationery, 3 pages 8vo., Washington, May 15, 1880.

To the Chairman of the Reunion Committee. “I have delayed answering your kind invitation to the Commemorative Dinner of the Union Surgeon Club… my public duties will deprive me of that pleasure. I remember with great distinctness and gratitude the noble, efficient aid your members gave to us whilst we were in the field. To your aid, encouragement and cooperation, the success of the Union Army in suppressing the ‘Rebellion’ was largely due”. Nicely signed, “A. E. Burnside”.

A nice letter sending greetings and reminiscing about his war years. Included is a handsome steel engraving of the famed soldier with his noted “burnsides”.

$475.00

CARVER, GEORGE WASHINGTON (1864-1943).  American agricultural chemist and botanist.

Typed Letter Signed carbon copy signed, 2 pp 4to, Tuskegee, Alabama, July 28, 1931.
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The county agricultural agent from Andalusia, Alabama has sent via Mr. Grady Porter diseased peanut plants for analysis.  This carbon was sent to Mr. Porter.  "These three diseases seem to be quite prevalent in the peanut belt as far as our investigations have extended … We know so little about these diseases at present that we cannot suggest a practical remedy that will affect this year's crop" though Carver's station hopes to have treatments for the next year.  In an autograph postscript, "Hope you and Mrs. Porter arrived home safely and that Mrs. Porter was not overtaxed — it certainly was good to have you [?]."  Signed twice, "G. W. Carver" and after a holograph postscript on verso, "G. W. Carver."
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Carver, a careful and modest scientist, was a treasured friend of Thomas A. Edison (see No. 28 this catalog). It was Edison who offered to make him independent with his own laboratories and an annual stipend of $50,000, but the Tuskegee Institute held his heart.  Dr. Carver earned $125 a month during his entire tenure at Tuskegee.  In 1940 he donated his life savings of $33,000, to the Institute to establish the George Washington Carver Foundation for the perpetuation of research in agriculture and chemistry, and bequeathed his entire estate to the foundation.  With holograph envelope.
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$1,400.00

CARVER, GEORGE WASHINGTON. (1864-1943), American educator innovator in the agricultural sciences.

Autograph Letter Signed on "Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Institute" stationery, 4to, Tuskegee, January 4, 1931.
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To Grady Porter, he writes an unusual letter about cutting stone. "I hope to put the polish on the little piece from Fla. tomorrow. The beauty is going to deceive you...I want to try out a piece from the large slab...at least begin the cutting operation. This last batch of stone is really worthwhile. I believe we can get even prettier pieces...." Signed, "G.W. Carver." A handsome, one page letter. With holograph envelope.
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$750.00

Catt, Carrie Chapman (1859-1947).  American Woman’s Suffrogette.

Autograph Letter Signed, on a beautiful lithographic letterhead depicting possibly "Portobello Road,"  8vo, "The Windsor Hotel," London, July 18, 1904.

To Ethel Bernstingle. "Miss Anthony (Susan B Anthony) has forwarded your very kind proposition for a drive to Richmond. Miss [Susan B] Anthony and Miss {Anna} Shaw, as you doubtless now know, will be gone on that date. My husband joins me here on Wednesday and we will then take a little trip through Scotland and Ireland.  You misunderstood us. I think. we are all here a few weeks longer in Great Britain, but not in London. I should much enjoy knowing you better. Sometime I mean to come again, and perhaps then I may."  Signed, "Very truly — Carrie Chapman Catt." (#5604-0126)

At this time women in England were as agitated as in America. In 1899, married women gained the right to vote for local offices, but by 1912 extreme Militancy was used to further the cause. This letter is slightly foxed, but it is a good letter on wonderful stationery.  

$675.00

CHURCHILL, JOHN (1650-1722). British military leader, First Duke of Marlborough.

Autograph Letter Signed, 2pp on one 8vo sheet, “Camp at Ganap,” Aug. 11, 1707.

Addressed to, “My Lord,” he writes that, “I am intirely [sic] of opinion with you and am persuaded the Queen has so just a sence [sic] of your Lordships zeal and Integrity, that she will always have a due regard to whatever you represent to her Majesty to be for her Service….” He discusses the War of the Spanish Succession mentioning Provence. “They tell us that the Duke of Savoye had forced the Enemys [sic] retrenchment before Thoulon….” He signs, “Marlborough.”

The Queen referred to was Queen Anne (1665-1714) whose closest friend and most influential adviser, until the time of the War of the Spanish Succession (1701-14), was Sarah Churchill, Duchess of Marlborough and John Churchill’s wife. Marlborough wrote this letter during the period when Sarah Churchill was banned from the Queen’s Court. He refers to Savoye, leader of the Austrian troops who allied with the British against France and Spain. A good letter with historical reference.

$2200.00

“It could only end in party ruins”

CHURCHILL, WINSTON (1874-1965). Great 20^th century British statesman, Prime Minister during World War II, author and artist; awarded Nobel Prize in literature, 1953.

Manuscript Letter Signed, 3 pages on one folded 8vo sheet of printed address stationery, Mount Street, Oct. 24, 1905.

In the upper left corner of the first page, in a secretarial hand is written, “Dictated, Private.” “I do not know whether I had the good fortune to shake hands with you last night among the various gentleman who were introduced to me before the meeting.” …Churchill then continues in a more blunt way, “The cause of fiscal controversy has proved disastrous to the Conservative party…on the very first day that this subject was debated in the House of Commons, I warned them that it could only end in party ruin and urged the Conservative members earnestly to take firm action while time remained. The harm is now done. The Conservative party…is wholly identified with protection…Meanwhile, it is the business of Free Traders to do their duty.” In his own hand he writes, “Yours very truly, Winston S. Churchill.”

Churchill wrote this letter a few months after changing party lines when he had crossed over to the Liberal Party after having left the Conservative Party over the issue identified in this letter. He campaigned for free trade and played a key role in the passage of minimum wage laws. A fine letter written at an early period in his life as one of Britain’s great political leaders.

$4850.00

CHURCHILL, SIR WINSTON SPENCER (1874-1965). British politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1940 to 1945 and again from 1951 to 1955. A noted statesman, orator and strategist, Churchill was also an officer in the British Army. He was a prolific author, awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1953 for his own historical writings.

Magnificent folio Photograph Signed, n.p., n.d.

A remarkable presentation photograph given to Sir Peter Agnew Bart, Member of Parliament and Naval Commander. Commander of the ship, Ramsey, during World War 2. This large portrait, though done in soft focus depicts all the valor and inspiration of the great war time Churchill. He is photographed half length, one hand on his waist and the other leaning against a book, while he stares intensely forward with piercing eyes. Photographed by “A.C. Cooper Ltd. Fine Art Photographers” and signed in lower white border, “Winston S. Churchill”.

Churchill's speeches were a great inspiration to the embattled British. His first speech as Prime Minister was the famous "I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears, and sweat". In a November 2002 BBC poll of the "100 Greatest Britons", he was proclaimed "The Greatest of Them All" based on approximately a million votes from BBC viewers. Churchill was rated as one of the most influential leaders in history by “Time” magazine. This oversized portrait is most unusual, and truly magnificent. [See Centerfold]

$11,500.00

CLEM, JOHNNY, THE DRUMMER BOY OF CHICKAMAUGA (1851-1937). United States Army general who had served as a boy in the Union Army in the American Civil War. He gained fame for his bravery on the battlefield, becoming the youngest noncommissioned officer in Army history. He retired from the Army in 1916, having attained the rank of major general, as the last veteran of the Civil War still on duty in the Armed Forces.

Autograph Letter Signed,, on “Headquarters, Dept. of Texas” 4to, stationery, San Antonio, Texas, April 11, 1902.

To “My dear Albee-I will be glad to see you and Mrs. Albee. I regret I am not keeping house so that I could have you come right to my quarters. The Menger is the best hotel. The Bexar is very good and much cheaper than the Menger. Old Clark is about the same. I go to Dallas on the 22nd and will be back on the 25th or 26th. You ought to have come sooner as we have had a most perfect winter. Hope it won’t be too hot when you come….” Signed, “Sincerely y’r friend, Jno. L. Clem”.

During the Civil War, at Chickamauga, 12 year old and 60 pound Johnny Clem, when under attack, lifted his musket to his shoulder, fired, and killed a colonel. Some Rebels captured him, but Clem escaped. For this cool reaction in the thick of the fighting at Chickamauga, he was given the rank of sergeant. The newspapers made Clem a celebrity of the War and he soon became famous. A scarce autograph of a true American folk hero.

$675.00

COKE, EDWARD  (1552-1634).  English jurist.  First Lord Chief Justice of England.  First to adhere to and codify English common law against Royal prerogatives; Defied James I.  Leader of popular party; denounced interference with liberties of Parliament.

Rare Autograph Document Signed, 4to, "at my chamber in the Inner Temple", Feb.  10, 1914.

Written in tightly constructed 17th century English script, partially transcribed.  Addressed to "all mayors, Sheriffs, constables, Lord Burghley and all others of his Majesty's [James I] officers to whom this duty may appreciation."  "[We] will and require you and in his Majesty's name straightly to charge and command you that immediately upon the receipt hereof [that] you make by all lawful means & diligent search and inquiry as well within all liberty as exempt and privileged places as without for Robert Lane and to apprehend and render true and safe custody to carry him before the tribunal of his Majesty's gracious Justices of Peace to be examined for Divers insufferable misdemeanors by him committed."  Signed, "Ed.  Coke."

This is a rare holograph letter of the infamous English jurist who was an aggressive annoyance to James I.  It is handsomely framed.  Floated on earth-red matting surrounded by chestnut brown matting, in a distinctive beaded gilt beveled wood frame, with a scarce contemporary 4x6" engraved portrait of Coke. 

$4,850.00

DIX, DOROTHEA LYNDE (1802-87). American social reformer and activist, credited with creating the first mental asylums in the United States.

Autograph Letter Signed, 2 pages on one 4to sheet of blue stationery, Raleigh, December 30, 1848.

She writes to the Governor of South Carolina first, “acknowledging through you, a copy of Resolutions embodying a Vote of thanks by the General Assembly of South Carolina for my efforts in this State on behalf of the insane. I cannot, Sir, assume the merit of having been first or chief in this undertaking. It is but lately that I have been made aware that more than twenty years since great and good men of South Carolina proposed and advocated the construction of a Hospital for the insane….” She identifies some of those advocates, then notes that $87,000 was granted for the construction of a hospital to accommodate 250 patients. She signs, “D. L. Dix.”

This is an exceptionally substantive letter showing her addressing the effort to house the mentally ill in dedicated institutions rather than in prisons. Her vigorous program of lobbying state legislatures creating the first generation of American mental asylums is expressed in this letter.

$450.00

FATHER DIVINE (1880-1965) Controversial African American spiritual leader who founded the International Peach Mission Movement.

Typed Letter Signed, 2 separate pages, on elaborate stationery of the “The USA Northeastern Churches and Connections Under The Peace Mission Movement,” stationery, 4to, n.p., December 3, 1954.

To a woman named, “Gentle Davis,” he writes of his spirit’s impact on her. “It is an attested fact that when you are conscious of MY Presence, MY Spirit adjusts every condition desirably…My Spirit made the way for you to get whatsoever you desired…Again, MY Spirit was with you when you…locked the door of your car…for as you say, a man wanted a ride and when you refused he tried to open the door but found it locked. MY Spirit was a true protection in your time of need….” He signs above his typed name, “Rev. M. J. Divine,” and in a parenthesis under the typed name, “(Better known as FATHER DIVINE),” is typed. In his later years, he viewed himself as God as reflected in this letter. Two punch holes on the second page, not affecting text or signature.

$525.00

EARLY,  JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-94).  Fierce Civil War general on the Confederate side, though he had opposed secession.

Autograph Letter Signed, on lined paper 8vo, Lynchburg, Virginia, July 21, 1879.
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Early writes as vice president of the Southern Historical Society to John Letcher, governor of Virginia from 1860-64.  He invites Letcher to participate in the August 1879 convention of the Southern Historical Society to take place in the resort town of White Sulfur Springs, WV: "I have been requested to appoint delegates to the said convention … as I thought proper. As Governor … you had some little to do with making the history, and perhaps now you can throw some light upon how it might to be written."  Signed, "J A Early."
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Letcher (1813-1884), although never a true abolitionist, had briefly supported the abolition of slavery west of the Blue Ridge in Virginia.  As governor, Letcher too opposed the secession of Virginia, until the Federal government called for troops in April 1861. He was a passionate supporter of the Confederacy during the war.  Afterward, however, he counseled the South to accept the war's outcome in good faith despite himself having lost his home, having been practically bankrupted by inflation, and having been imprisoned for several months after the war.  Jubal Early never surrendered, and he became the top authority on published Confederate history.  He had fought valiantly against Virginia's secession as a delegate to the Secession Convention of 1861, but when outvoted the Virginian chose his state over the Union.  Cantankerous, profane, and outspoken, he was engaged in every major action in which the Army of North Virginia fought -- Antietam, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg among others -- and was dearly wanted by Federal troops after the war's end.  He lived in Mexico and Canada until 1868, when President Andrew Johnson pardoned him.  He was a gifted lawyer and returned to Lynchburg to practice law.  As an officer of the Southern Historical Society, he became the major chronicler of the Southern Cause and was widely relied upon for his extraordinary memory of events during the war.  Early died a Southern folk hero in 1894.  This courtly letter from Lee's "Bad Old Man" is especially desirable for its associations with the wartime Virginian governor and Early's peacetime commitment to the Lost Cause.  The paper bears a small embossed seal in the upper left corner.
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$2,250.00

EVERETT, EDWARD (1794-1865). American Unitarian clergyman, orator, and statesman.

Autograph Letter Signed, 2 pages 8vo, n.p., Wednesday Morning, n.d.

To Charles Sumner first apologizing for a missed meeting, “I do not feel equal to our proposed visit, which I deeply regret. Pray include me on the kind things you say to the Prince and his party and with my sincere regret that I cannot take care of them in person,…” A nice association of fellow abolitionist, signed, “Edward Everett.”

$250.00  

FRANKFURTER, FELIX (1882-1965).  American jurist.  Helped found the American Civil Liberties Union in 1920.  Associate Justice of the US Supreme Court, 1939-62.

Autograph Letter Signed, on "Supreme Court of the United States" 4to stationery, 2 pp, New Milford, CT, July 20, n.y.

To Daisy [wife of Averill Harriman].  "Daisy … as soon as I had recovered from the shocking news to think at all, I thought of you.  Dear Daisy.  In you he had as devoted, as sustaining a friend as Archie had during those hard years, at the end, in Washington … Did you see the shabby piece written, I suppose by the crude Elliston, in the Washington Post.  Really nasty piece … I have no information whatever about Archie's going.  If I get any, you shall have it.  We grieve him …."  Signed, "Yours very sincerely, Felix Frankfurter."

A warm, sympathetic letter penned to his close friend, Daisy Harriman.
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$675.00

FREDERICK II (1712-86).  Third King of Prussia (1740-1786).  Displayed great military genius and perseverance.  Notable patron of literature.  Invited Voltaire to live at his court.  Usually favored French culture, but was indifferent to German writers.

Manuscript Document Signed, in German, folio, Berlin, Sept. 18, 1742.
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An attractive, nicely calligraphed document penned on a folio sheet announcing, "F by the Grace of God King in Prussia Honorable, valued and learned Councillors ….  Since we have most graciously appointed Johann Friederich Koch as our Government Councillor, and have sent him his commission … you will abide by it and instate him in his office after the appropriate trial period."  Boldly and with great flourish signs "Fch."
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$925.00

GAGARIN, YURY. (1934-68). Russian cosmonaut who became the first man to travel in space on April 12, 1961..

Printed Document Signed, in Spanish, 12mo, Moscow, n.d., but 1965.
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The document is titled, "Society of Friendship of USSR-Cuba." The document pays tribute to the heroes of the Bay of Pigs on the fourth anniversary of the unsuccessful American attempt to invade Cuba in 1961. "We salute ... the Cuban heroes that built Socialism and defended liberty ... Independence to the Country ...."He signs in red above his printed name and title as president of the organization, ". yGagarin."
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Coincidentally, Gagarin's manned space flight occurred in the same month and year of the Bay of Pigs invasion, April, 1961. The anniversary referred to here is also the anniversary of his space flight.
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$725.00

GARRISON, WILLIAM LLOYD (1805-79). American journalist and reformer; fought against slavery and for woman’s suffrage.

Autograph Letter Signed, 8vo, Boston, Oct. 10, 1863.

“I am happy to acknowledge the receipt of your letter ,enclosing a draft for two hundred dollars, to be remitted to our friend, Rev. Thomas Vickers….May liberty and peace be the result of the present dreadful struggle, on an enduring basis!” Signed, “Yours for the jubilee, Wm. Lloyd Garrison”.

$325.00

GARVEY, MARCUS. (1887-1940). American advocate of black nationalism.

Printed and manuscript Document Signed, oblong 4to, n.p., July 14, 1924.
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This document printed in three color begins, "To all of the Human Race who Love Liberty, Greeting: This is to certify that Uriah Gitteus...has contributed the sum of ten dollars toward the African Redemption Fund [printed in red] being raised by the Universal Improvement Association for the Liberation of Africa, and for...the higher development of the Negro Race...." He has signed above his title as President General and Provisional President of Africa, "Marcus Garvey."
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In 1916, Garvey settled in New York City and incorporated his Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA), founded two years earlier in Jamaica. He also started a weekly newspaper, the Negro World. Garvey urged American blacks to return to Africa. To this end he founded, in 1919, the Black Star Line to provide steamship transportation and the Negro Factories Corp. to provide economic independence. At that time he claimed 2 million members for the UNIA. In 1922, he was arrested for mail fraud and went to prison in 1925. His sentence was commuted two years later, but he was immediately deported to Jamaica. Garvey's "back to Africa" movement had a lasting effect. This document is ideal for display and is rare.
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$2500.00

GEORGE VI. (1895-1952). King of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (1936-52), and emperor of India (1936-47).

Autograph Letter Signed on embossed royal stationery, two pages on one 8vo sheet, H.M.S. "'Renoun' at sea, "January 10, 1927.
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He expresses his feelings about vacations and hunting to George, his correspondent. "We are well on our way to Southern climes. Going away is always awful but once having gone it is not so bad ... I was glad we met out hunting ... You taught me all I know ... having got some d---d good horse. I do enjoy it ....” Signed, "Albert."
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George VI was the father of the current Queen of England, Elizabeth II. He succeeded to the throne after the abdication of his older brother, Edward VIII in 1936. He wrote this letter before becoming king. A fine early letter.
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$350.00

GOETHALS, GEORGE WASHINGTON (1858-1928).  African-American Lieutenant Colonel in the Engineer Corps.  Appointed by  Roosevelt as the chief engineer of the Isthmian Canal Commission, he also  governed the Panama Canal Zone.

Typed Letter Signed, 4to, on "United States Shipping Board" letterhead, Washington, May 5,  1917.
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To a Mr. Howland of Congress St., Boston, MA:  "We are now preparing a list  showing names and addresses of persons whose services are available for this  organization your name has been placed on the roster."  Howland is informed  that his application will be reviewed with priority following the completion  of the fleet construction; and is then advised that if he had significant  engineering experience, to state "what salary you would expect if employed  and in what section of the country you would prefer to work."  He  attractively signs, "G.W. Goethals."
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Though retired by 1916, Goethals served the United States as the first  Governor of the Panama Canal Zone.  He was called back to work for the Supply  and Transport Division of the U.S. Army during WWI.
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$200.00

GORDON, CHARLES (1833-85).  British soldier.  Governor general of Sudan, equatorial provinces (1877-1880), credited with establishing communications, developing natural resources, and suppressing the slave trade.  Killed in the fall of Khartoum, thus becoming a martyr and hero.

Attractive Document Signed, in Arabic, 12mo, Khartoum, April 25, 1884.

This document is a bank note for 20 piastres, signed, "C.G. Gordon."  This document is referred to as a Gordon note.  Gordon issued his own bank notes in denominations of 20 piastres to 50 Egyptian pounds, all dated as this one is.  When he reached Khartoum, Gordon found a depleted treasury.  In order to pay his troops and acquire supplies he issued his own notes.

Although Gordon held off defeat for 10 months, Khartoum finally fell about nine months after the date on these notes, and Gordon died defending the city.  The Gordon notes were burned and possession of a note was a punishable offense.  Some of the notes managed to get out of Africa and have become collector's items.

$1,400.00

GRANT, ULYSSES. S. (1822-85). Eighteenth President of the United States; elected after the Civil War and reelected in 1872. Upon his retirement he went on a world tour.

Autograph Letter Signed, 3 pages 8vo, on “Beaufort Gardens” stationery, London, July 4, 1877.

To United States Minister in Brussels, Mr. Merrill. “My party consisting of Mrs. Grant, Jesse, General Ballien, Consul Gen. to London and formerly of my staff -leave here tomorrow by special train for Folkstone where we take special boat to Ostende. We will remain over night and proceed to Brussels the following day. Knowing that you are not well I had a letter written yesterday to our Counsel in Brussels requesting him to engage questions for our party. As soon as I can offer my arrival I will do myself the pleasure of calling on you and your family to pay my respects….Please present Mrs. Grant’s and my kindest regards to the young ladies ….” Signed, “Very truly, your obt. svt., U.S. Grant.” Included is the holograph envelope addressed to Mr. Merrill as U.S. Minister Brussels, Belgium. The stamp has been removed.

At the beginning of 1877, Grant decided to go on a world tour with his family. This letter was written during the beginning of his retirement. Interestingly, this letter is penned from London, England on the Fourth of July. A lengthy, friendly letter penned at a relaxing time in his life.

$1850.00

GREELEY, HORACE (1811-72).  American journalist, editor, and politician.

Autograph Letter Signed, 3 pp 4to, New York, Aug. 31, 1842.
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Greeley writes a lively letter about politics and business to an old-time druggist, C. C. Bristol, of Buffalo, New York.  "I've a good mind not to speak to you, you extreme reprobate, now we've got our Tariff bill passed.  I don't speak to ornery locos these days. Now you see we'll bring up the country part way in spite of you; and we'll have Henry Clay … and the Land distribution, all before you are three years older, Mark that! … You know too a Tariff will help the country and especially revive the Business of your rascally City, first, by drawing Flour down the Canal instead of Wheat down the St. Lawrence; next by reviving your smuggling business, which languishes under a beggarly 20 per cent."  Then he chides Bristol for missing out on the extra business afforded by careful application of advertising dollars, as Bristol's competitor Sands has.  "Bristol, you haven't done right about your Sassaparilla … Sands' did so, and they are selling a horrid lot of it …  you don't seem square enough in the public eye.  Come down next February … I will devote half a day with you to the arrangement of Advertisements and where to put them.  I am sure 43000 sospent will return you four fold.  Sands early made an agreement ….  Whatever is done for Sassaparilla now in the Tribune will result either to your or his advantage."  Bristol also lost a bet: "—Sinner, I am sorry for the hole that will be made in your pocket to pay for those oysters.  […]  You shouldn't be making lolco bets on as good wine cities as Buffalo."  He returns to his opening triumph.  "You don't deserve any share in the improvement of the times that will result from the Tariff, but the genial rain of Whiggery falls alike on the Just and Unjust.  Thank heaven for that, you prodigal!"    Signed "H. Greeley."
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In 1841 Greeley launched The New York Tribune as an organ of social and politcal news and discussion for the general reader.  His belief that progress demanded a serious effort to better society served as his editorial policy.   One of his major interests was free land for settlers in the West, along with temperance, opposition to women's suffrage and slavery, although he avoided confronting the slavery issue whenever possible.  Greeley's ambitions for Henry Clay, mentioned in this letter,  were ultimately frustrated. He had to accept Zachary Taylor's Whig candidacy in 1848, though Taylor was a slaveholder and a hero of the Mexican War, which Greeley did not endorse.  Folds reinforced; small seal tear, which affects nothing.  An unusual read.
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$475.00

'God has been very good to me'

Guiteau, Charles  (1841-1882). American lawyer and assassin of President Garfield.

Early Autograph Letter Signed, 4 pages 8vo, N.Y., March 30, 1868.

To his brother. "Not withstanding I wrote frankly on Saturday giving quite a full account of my plans and circumstances I feel inclined to write again. My present financial embarrassment may be explained thus...I correspond with the O.C. [Oneida Community] in reference to my claim and was lead to hope that it would be settled by the  1st of March. I made my calculations accordingly but a few days since they wrote me they should not recognize the claim. Tthe dullness of my advertising business all winter, and my inability to get into more lucrative employment, combined with my failure to get money … I have had to borrow it from the Christian Association, to keep from want … god has been very good to me and I have not lacked food."  Guiteau then suggests that he will return to Chicago, "I should be glad to continue my law studies in your office. I had rather study with you than with any one else …."  Signed, "As ever yours affectionately, Chas. F Guiteau." (#5622-0126)

In 1860, Guiteau joined the Oneida Community in New York, but left in 1865.  By August 1867 he ran out of money and asked his brother-in-law George Scoville, to whom this is written, for help. Guiteau conceived the idea of suing the Oneida Community for compensation that he deserved since he helped spread the word of God. As this letter states, he failed, and they threatened to prosecute. Then he left for Chicago. An important early letter, showing Guiteau's poverty and desperation. 

$2,000.00

HAND, Learned (1872-1961).  American jurist; considered one of the greatest of his day.

Typed Letter Signed, on his personal Judge Learned Hand's Chambers" stationery, 4to, New York, March 21, 1956.

To Edward Blotnick, of the Columbia University School of Law.  Hand kindly declines an invitation.  "I am indeed much flattered that you should wish me to speak, but my engagements are such that until they are discharged, it will be quite impossible for me to take on anything outside ….  I regret to answer it by a denial."  Signed, "Learned Hand."(#5525-0122)

Hand had an extremely active life writing The Spirit of Liberty in 1952 and The Bill of Rights in 1958.  He also continued to hear special cases from 1951-61. 

$450.00

HERZL, THEODORE (1860-1904). Hungarian journalist credited as founder of the Zionist movement which led to the establishment of Israel.

Circular Typed Letter Signed, In German, 4to, Vienna, Feb. 21, 1901.

This letter is “Circular No. 8,” to the Executive Committee of the Board clarifying a prior memorandum. “By way of explanation, we would like to share with you that at the recent board meeting in London…it became clear that we would probably reach the cash minimum of 250,000 pounds…it will not be necessary to lower the achievable goal to 200,000…the decision was made for now to pursue the outstanding installments with vigor…should this assumption prove unjustified, we will go back to the original plan….” Signed by “Mamorek” as protocol and by Herzl, “…with Zionist greeting, Herzl.” as Board trustee.

An early letter in the history of the Zionist movement discussing funds for the movement.

$3000.00

HERZL, THEODOR. (1860-1904) Hungarian, Zionist leader. Literary editor of the Viennese newspaper, “Neue Freie Presse” from 1896. Moved by the Dreyfus affair, organized the founding of a Jewish state. Considered founder of organized Zionist movement.

Autograph Letter Signed, in German, on “Neue Freie Presse” stationery, 8vo., Vienna, Oct. 20, 1899.

To possibly his good friend and colleague, Max Nordau. Addressed to “Very Dear friend”. Herzl continues, “considering the condition of your manuscript, you can see how much it has been read. The editors have thought long about the subject and they have finally decided not to use it. It appears that it wouldn’t work at all. My advice: accept it, and wait a little while.” Signed, “With cordial greetings, your devoted, Th. Herzl”.

Max Nordau was a German physician and writer and became a Zionist leader in Europe in 1895. He became a good friend and supporter of Herzl. Here, Herzl gently and supportively declines an article submitted by his friend for inclusion in the newspaper. Holograph letters by Herzl from his Zionist years are quite scarce and desirable.

$3500.00

HERZL, THEODOR (1860-1904).  Hungarian Zionist leader.  Wrote Der Judenstaat in 1896, advocating founding of a Jewish state in Palestine.  President, Zionist Organization from 1897 to 1904.  Considered the founder of organized Zionist movement.

Circular Printed Letter Signed, in German, 4to, Vienna, April 3, 1902.

This is a form letter sent to a few colleagues for the Zionist Organization, Action Committee.  "We have addressed the Russian members of the A.C. with a circular asking them to mark the passages in their reports that should be reproduced in 'Die Welt.'  We are very sorry that this has not yet happened, because even though we do not know whether one or another published article would cause awkward or even harmful feelings.  Therefore, our colleagues have to provide us with this preliminary work.  And then, naturally we will take their wishes into account.  It would be even better if you would — in addition to the distributed circulars from which we can extract information suited for publication in your area of activity on a monthly basis.  Of course, this is solely a wish and not an order.  And we would appreciate if we would be able to publish entirely authentic reports.  Please send your letters to the Secretary's Offices of the Congress Bureau, attention Dr. I. Shalit."  Signed, "With Zionist greetings 'Herzl'" as Chairman and "Mamorek," as secretary.(#5527-0122)

Herzl, continued to strive for accuracy and educating members of the Zionist organization throughout the World.  Here he expresses the desire to educate his committee about what is happening in Russia, through the use of the newspaper Die Welt. A good letter. 

$3,400.00

HERZL, THEODOR  (1860-1904).  Viennese Jewish journalist and founder of Political Zionism.  His pamphlet The Jewish State acted as a political rally against anti-semitism that led to the formation of the Zionist Congress.

Printed Document Signed, in German, 4to, Vienna, March 4, 1903. A good letter organizing a meeting of the action committee for the Zionist World Congress.

A good letter organizing a meeting of the action committee for the Zionist World Congress.  "This year the congress will take place in early summer, possibly as early in July … the election of the delegates for the Congress of Zionists is by direct and secret ballot - the other election modalities are up to the individual national organizations.  However, these have to obtain approval of their elections made from the central A[ction] C[ommittee] at least three months before the elections.  We therefore ask you to inform us without delay in which manner you are proposing to conduct this years elections."  Signed "Herzl" as committee chairman and "Mamorek" as secretary. 

A good formal letter stating policy for the next Zionist World Congress meeting.

$3,200.00

HERZL, THEODOR (1860-1904).  Viennese Jewish journalist and founder of Political Zionism.  His pamphlet The Jewish State acted as a political rally against anti-semitism that led to the formation of the Zionist Congress.

Autograph Letter Signed, in German, 8vo,  Frankenstrasse 9, Feb. 3, 1904.
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He requests of Mr. Secretary Reich to "Please bring Mr. Kohn 10 Kroner and give it to him." Signing as "Herzl."
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This note was penned just months before Herzl's untimely death to pneumonia.  His incessant pursuit of Jewish nationality was the ultimate cause of his weakened heart.  In 1903, he made an intensely criticized proposal, called the British Uganda Program, that allowed refuge for Russian Jews, after witnessing first-hand their daily struggles.  A critical debate ensued, with the main conflict coming from purists.  The controversial Program was finally refuted posthumously.
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$3,200.00

HERZL, THEODOR (1860-1904).  Hungarian Jewish writer and journalist, founder of modern political Zionism.

Mimeographed typed letter signed, 4to, Vienna, Jan. 8, 1902.

This is Circular No. 2.  "The Select Action Committee presently reconvened to resume its work and begs you urgently … to send us by RETURN MAIL an accurate listing of the associations or organized groups located in your region, as we are obliged by a decision of the congress to send the party newspaper 'The World' to each such corporation immediately […] so that an association in Argentina or Transvaal, for example, which may be looking for a person or … other of zionist interest … may … confidently place a communication for the attention of all comrades in spirit."  Signed "Herzl" as superintendent and "Mamarek" as secretary.

In May 1901, Herzl was received by the sultan of Turkey, who decided against unrestricted  immigration of Jews to Palestine, which was controlled by the Turks until 1918 [see Allenby, p. 3].  No solution was forthcoming, and the situation in Europe was deteriorating with each passing year.  Herzl drove the Zionist movement, raising membership, working to create the momentum that would by sheer numbers force the issue of a homeland for the Jews.  Punchholes on one edge and slight charring at the top do not interfere with the document in any way.

$3,200.00

HOLMES, OLIVER WENDELL (1841-1935). American jurist who served on the Supreme Court of the United States from 1902 to 1932. Noted for his long service, his concise and pithy opinions, and his deference to the decisions of elected legislatures, he is one of the most widely-cited United States Supreme Court justices in history.

Original Folio Photograph Signed, Boston, (circa 1861).

This wonderful early portrait of Holmes in his senior year picture at Harvard, depicts him in a small bust length vignette with an oval surrounding him. A rare, and spectacular image, signed, “O. W. Holmes, Jr., Boston”.

As a young man, Holmes loved literature and supported the abolitionist movement that thrived in Boston society during the 1850’s. He graduated from Harvard University in 1861.

$ 1650.00

HOLMES, JR., OLIVER WENDELL (1841-1935). American jurist, served as Associate Justice of the US Supreme Court from 1902 to 1932.

Autograph Quotation Signed, on 3 X 5 note paper, Washington, D.C., February 3, 1930.

In full, “The difference between the great way of taking things and the small – between philosophy and gossip - is only the difference between realizing the part as a part of a whole and looking at it with isolation as if it really stood apart. – From a speech in 1897.” He signs, “Oliver Wendell Holmes.”

Known as “The Great Dissenter,” Holmes, a Republican appointed by Pres. Theodore Roosevelt, spent thirty highly influential years on the Supreme Court urging “judicial restraint,” whereby justices keep their personal perspectives separate from their judicial decisions. The note is penned on a light gray note sheet and has three small punch holes on the left.

$1200.00

HOOVER, J(OHN) EDGAR (1895-1972). American lawyer and public official. Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, Department of Justice (1924-1972)

Typed Letter Signed, on "United States Department of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation,” stationery, 4 to, Washington, DC, August 9.1966.

This letter is penned to an F.B.I. agent and is marked “personal." "I want to take this opportunity to commend you for your exemplary work in the Oklahoma City Division in connection with the investigation of a number of major interstate gambling cases which involved several offices." Hoover continues by discussing the agent’s skills and attributes regarding this case. Signed, “J. Edgar Hoover."

A good personal letter expressing his positive support of an agent who worked at the F.B.I.

$225.00

HOOVER, J. EDGAR (1895-1972). Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation from 1924-1972.

Typed Letter Signed, on “United States Department of Justice” stationery, 4to, Washington D.C., May 10, 1966.

To George C. Robb of the F.B.I. Marked “personal”. The energetic and efficient manner in which you have handled various phases of this important area of our work has led to exemplary results. Your earnest and sincere presentation of the career opportunities of the FBI sparked the interest of agent candidates and I want you to know of my appreciation.” Signed, “J. Edgar Hoover”

$175.00

“spend all the money you want to in order to be absolutely sure that no part of the boat deteriorates”

HUGHES HOWARD (1905-76).Hughes parlayed his father’s oil well drilling company into a huge business enterprise. He became known as one of the world's richest men and, during the 1930’s and ’40’s, he gained fame as a motion picture producer and aviator. At one time or another he owned the Hughes Aircraft Company, RKO Pictures, and had a controlling interest in TWA. In the 1950s, Hughes became the world’s most famous recluse, never being photographed and never dealing with anyone outside his small inner circle of friends and advisors.

Typed Letter Signed, 2 pages folio, n.p. [likely